Biocontrol Sci Technol 19(9):919–929īeserra EB, Dias CTDS, Parra JRP (2002) Distribution and natural parasitism of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs at different phenological stages of corn. Biotechnol Lett 31:77–82Īnand R, Tiwary BN (2009) Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi to eggs and larvae of Spodoptera litura, the common cutworm. Álvarez A, Pera LM, Loto F, Virla EG, Baigorí MD (2009) Insecticidal crystal proteins from native Bacillus thuringiensis: numerical analysis and biological activity against Spodoptera frugiperda. J Appl Entomol 143:626–663Īl-Kherb WA (2014) Virulence bio-assay efficiency of Beauveria bassianaand Metarhizium anisopliaefor the biological control of Spodoptera exigua(Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs and the 1st instars larvae. Future research with other alternatives has also been discussed.Īkutse KS, Kimemia JW, Ekesi S, Khamis FM, Ombura OL, Subramanian S (2019) Ovicidal effects of entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Therefore, this module forms a base to manage the fall armyworm in an eco-friendly and farmer friendly manner. Cob yield per acre in biocontrol-based IPM field was higher than the farmer’s practice (6–7 sprays of emamectin benzoate 5% SG) during both the seasons, and it resulted in 38.3 and 42.29% gain in yield per acre during rabi and kharif, respectively. IPM strategy comprising installation of controlled release FAW pheromone traps, four releases of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, two sprays of neem oil, one spray of each Bacillus thuringiensis (NBAIR-BT25) and Metarizium anisopliae (NBAIR Ma-35) resulted in 76 and 71.64% egg mass 80 and 74.44% larval population reduction at 60 days after treatment during rabi and kharif season, respectively. A biocontrol-based integrated pest management (IPM) strategy was designed and evaluated in farmer’s field during rabi and kharif season (2018–2019). Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (fall armyworm) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a key pest of maize that has recently entered in India causing damage and yield loss.
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